Key points of fertilization techniques for sowing corn in spring and summer
2018-08-07 04:02:48
Corn is a high-yield crop that is highly resistant to water and fertilizer and requires a large amount of fertilizer. Implementing balanced fertilization technology is an important measure to increase corn production.
First, the characteristics of corn fertilizer and fertilization principles Corn is very sensitive to nitrogen fertilizer, requiring large quantities and high utilization rate. According to the test, it is generally more than 60%. On the basis of the application of farmyard manure and phosphate fertilizer, 1 kg of urea can increase the yield of 6 to 11 kg of corn in the range of 3 to 10 kg of urea per acre. Corn needs less phosphorus, but it can not be lacking. Phosphorus deficiency in the three-leaf stage will lead to the later baldness. The amount of potassium required for corn is second only to nitrogen, especially for the intercropping of corn in the corn, and the application of potassium fertilizer cannot be ignored. Corn is also a zinc-loving crop. The area of ​​zinc deficiency in the city is large. The application of zinc fertilizer increases the yield by about 15%.
The principle of fertilization of corn is based on organic fertilizer, re-application of nitrogen fertilizer, application of phosphate fertilizer, application of potassium fertilizer, and application of micro-fertilizer. The farmyard manure is mixed with phosphorus, potassium and micro-fertilizer as the base fertilizer, and the nitrogen fertilizer is mainly topdressing. Spring corn topdressing should be light and heavy before, and summer corn should be heavy before and after.
Second, the determination of corn fertilization amount Soil fertility is different, the target yield is also different, different yield indicators, the amount of fertilizer required is not the same. General situation: The output of high-fertility plots through fertilization accounts for more than 30% of total output, medium-fertile plots account for more than 40% of total production, and low-fertility plots account for about 50% of planned production. In other words, the land with low soil fertility has a significant effect on fertilization and yield increase.
Tests and demonstrations show that on medium-fertile plots, for every 100 kg of corn produced, 5 kg of nitrogen, 2 kg of phosphorus and 3 kg of potassium are required. The application of this amount of fertilizer is very simple, and it is only necessary to multiply the 100 kg of the increased yield by the amount of fertilizer required for 100 kg of grain. This is only a reference calculation method, and the specific application should be appropriately adjusted according to the place and the variety. The reference fertilization amount of corn per mu is: 1500 kg of farmyard manure, 9-11 kg of nitrogen, 4-5 kg ​​of phosphorus, 5-6 kg of potassium, and 1 kg of zinc fertilizer.
Third, the fertilization method (A) the bottom fertilizer shallow hills live broadcast open spring corn: the required phosphorus, potassium, zinc fertilizer and 2 to 3 kg of urea together with the farmer's fertilizer and mix well, apply to the seed hole, suitable for sowing. The remaining residual nitrogen fertilizer is reserved for topdressing.
Mid-mountain mulch covered live corn: mulch corn grows strong and consumes more nutrients. It is necessary to use the phosphorus, potassium, zinc fertilizer and 70% nitrogen fertilizer required for the whole growth period of corn as the base fertilizer. The method is: open a ditch of 3 to 4 inches deep and 8 inches wide between the two rows of corn. First apply the nitrogen fertilizer to the bottom layer, then mix all the phosphorus, potassium and zinc fertilizers with the farmyard manure and apply it on the nitrogen fertilizer. Then ridges cover the soil, the ridge height is 2 to 3 inches, and the film is planted when the time is up.
(2) Seed Fertilizer For uncoated seeds, simmer for 2 to 3 days before sowing, add 1 or 2 water with zinc fertilizer, mix 1.5 to 2 kg of seeds, pile up for 1 hour, spread the dry and then plant. At the time of sowing, the conditional farmer's mu used 20 picks of manure and urine for 2 kg of urea, and sowed at the edge of the nest to reach Miao Qi Miao Zhuang.
(C) topdressing 1, live broadcast open field spring corn topdressing before light and heavy. Nitrogen fertilizers were extracted from the fertilizer (6-7 leaves), accounting for one-third of the total nitrogen application, and the horn fertilizer (10-11 leaf stage) accounted for one-third.
2, live summer corn topdressing should be heavy before the light. Summer broadcasts of glutinous corn are busy due to farming and tight farming time. Most of them are under white seeds, and topdressing is very important. Jointing fertilizer (5 to 6 leaf stage) should account for two-thirds of total nitrogen application, and trumpet fertilizer (10 to 11 leaf stage) account for one-third.
3. Transplanting corn topdressing: To prevent two kinds of tendencies, it is necessary to prevent some farmers from increasing their yield. When excessively applying nitrogen during transplanting, the tendency of burning roots and dead seedlings is prevented, and nutrient mites themselves are prevented from being nutritious. Fertilizer, causing severe de-fertilization in the middle and late stages leads to a reduction in production. Therefore, at the time of transplanting, the mu is mixed with human nitrogen excrement with about 10 kg of urea or other nitrogen fertilizer. Put the nutrient seedlings first, then pour the manure and then cover the nest, instead of the jointing fertilizer. In the flare period, use 15 kg of urea again.
4. Membrane corn: Because the amount of base fertilizer is sufficient, the fertilizer effect is long, and 30% of the nitrogen fertilizer that is not applied per acre is applied once in the flare period. The method is to apply fertilizer to every two corns.
First, the characteristics of corn fertilizer and fertilization principles Corn is very sensitive to nitrogen fertilizer, requiring large quantities and high utilization rate. According to the test, it is generally more than 60%. On the basis of the application of farmyard manure and phosphate fertilizer, 1 kg of urea can increase the yield of 6 to 11 kg of corn in the range of 3 to 10 kg of urea per acre. Corn needs less phosphorus, but it can not be lacking. Phosphorus deficiency in the three-leaf stage will lead to the later baldness. The amount of potassium required for corn is second only to nitrogen, especially for the intercropping of corn in the corn, and the application of potassium fertilizer cannot be ignored. Corn is also a zinc-loving crop. The area of ​​zinc deficiency in the city is large. The application of zinc fertilizer increases the yield by about 15%.
The principle of fertilization of corn is based on organic fertilizer, re-application of nitrogen fertilizer, application of phosphate fertilizer, application of potassium fertilizer, and application of micro-fertilizer. The farmyard manure is mixed with phosphorus, potassium and micro-fertilizer as the base fertilizer, and the nitrogen fertilizer is mainly topdressing. Spring corn topdressing should be light and heavy before, and summer corn should be heavy before and after.
Second, the determination of corn fertilization amount Soil fertility is different, the target yield is also different, different yield indicators, the amount of fertilizer required is not the same. General situation: The output of high-fertility plots through fertilization accounts for more than 30% of total output, medium-fertile plots account for more than 40% of total production, and low-fertility plots account for about 50% of planned production. In other words, the land with low soil fertility has a significant effect on fertilization and yield increase.
Tests and demonstrations show that on medium-fertile plots, for every 100 kg of corn produced, 5 kg of nitrogen, 2 kg of phosphorus and 3 kg of potassium are required. The application of this amount of fertilizer is very simple, and it is only necessary to multiply the 100 kg of the increased yield by the amount of fertilizer required for 100 kg of grain. This is only a reference calculation method, and the specific application should be appropriately adjusted according to the place and the variety. The reference fertilization amount of corn per mu is: 1500 kg of farmyard manure, 9-11 kg of nitrogen, 4-5 kg ​​of phosphorus, 5-6 kg of potassium, and 1 kg of zinc fertilizer.
Third, the fertilization method (A) the bottom fertilizer shallow hills live broadcast open spring corn: the required phosphorus, potassium, zinc fertilizer and 2 to 3 kg of urea together with the farmer's fertilizer and mix well, apply to the seed hole, suitable for sowing. The remaining residual nitrogen fertilizer is reserved for topdressing.
Mid-mountain mulch covered live corn: mulch corn grows strong and consumes more nutrients. It is necessary to use the phosphorus, potassium, zinc fertilizer and 70% nitrogen fertilizer required for the whole growth period of corn as the base fertilizer. The method is: open a ditch of 3 to 4 inches deep and 8 inches wide between the two rows of corn. First apply the nitrogen fertilizer to the bottom layer, then mix all the phosphorus, potassium and zinc fertilizers with the farmyard manure and apply it on the nitrogen fertilizer. Then ridges cover the soil, the ridge height is 2 to 3 inches, and the film is planted when the time is up.
(2) Seed Fertilizer For uncoated seeds, simmer for 2 to 3 days before sowing, add 1 or 2 water with zinc fertilizer, mix 1.5 to 2 kg of seeds, pile up for 1 hour, spread the dry and then plant. At the time of sowing, the conditional farmer's mu used 20 picks of manure and urine for 2 kg of urea, and sowed at the edge of the nest to reach Miao Qi Miao Zhuang.
(C) topdressing 1, live broadcast open field spring corn topdressing before light and heavy. Nitrogen fertilizers were extracted from the fertilizer (6-7 leaves), accounting for one-third of the total nitrogen application, and the horn fertilizer (10-11 leaf stage) accounted for one-third.
2, live summer corn topdressing should be heavy before the light. Summer broadcasts of glutinous corn are busy due to farming and tight farming time. Most of them are under white seeds, and topdressing is very important. Jointing fertilizer (5 to 6 leaf stage) should account for two-thirds of total nitrogen application, and trumpet fertilizer (10 to 11 leaf stage) account for one-third.
3. Transplanting corn topdressing: To prevent two kinds of tendencies, it is necessary to prevent some farmers from increasing their yield. When excessively applying nitrogen during transplanting, the tendency of burning roots and dead seedlings is prevented, and nutrient mites themselves are prevented from being nutritious. Fertilizer, causing severe de-fertilization in the middle and late stages leads to a reduction in production. Therefore, at the time of transplanting, the mu is mixed with human nitrogen excrement with about 10 kg of urea or other nitrogen fertilizer. Put the nutrient seedlings first, then pour the manure and then cover the nest, instead of the jointing fertilizer. In the flare period, use 15 kg of urea again.
4. Membrane corn: Because the amount of base fertilizer is sufficient, the fertilizer effect is long, and 30% of the nitrogen fertilizer that is not applied per acre is applied once in the flare period. The method is to apply fertilizer to every two corns.
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