Details of the use of triazole fungicides
Triazole fungicides have the characteristics of broad spectrum, high efficiency, strong systemic conductivity, etc. They are a kind of fungicides which are widely used in production. However, due to their different preparations, their characteristics, effects and methods are also different. At present, many farmers lack the correct use skills when using such fungicides, and thus the occurrence of phytotoxicity in the production of the city has occurred frequently.
Triazole fungicides used in production, common are diniconazole, tebuconazole, propiconazole, triazolone, oxazolol, and bactericides compounded with these pesticides , and the like.
Triazole fungicide It inhibits bacteria and sterilizes by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane. It is a drug for fungal diseases. The cells of fungi have cell walls and cell membranes. In the cell wall of most fungi, chitin and glucose are used as skeletons, which are filled with various polysaccharides and glycoproteins secreted by cell membranes. substance. Unlike other organisms, the fungal cell membrane contains a large amount of ergosterol, and the triazole fungicide inhibits the synthesis of these ergosterols in the fungal cell membrane, so it is effective in controlling fungal diseases, but against pathogenic bacteria such as bacteria and viruses. The crop disease caused is invalid.
Triazole fungicides must be used. It cannot be used in the early stages of crop growth, such as before the tillering of grass crops or before the flower bud differentiation of broad-leaved crops, the use of this stage will have an adverse effect on crop growth. Such as causing slow growth of crop tops, shortening the internodes of crop plants. In general, gramineous crops are more resistant to triazole fungicides than broadleaf crops. Triazole fungicides can inhibit the synthesis of gibberellins in crops, and premature use is not conducive to the normal growth and development of crops. In the prevention and control of fungal diseases such as rice sheath blight, rice blast, rice false smut, rice should be carefully used before and after heading. Because it can be quickly absorbed by rice and transmitted in the body after application, and the effective period is generally about 20 days, it has a good control effect on the disease at the usual dosage. They are especially suitable for use before rice jointing or early jointing. If the triazole fungicide is used excessively or continuously before and after rice heading, especially in the case of continuous low temperature and rainy weather in the short term after application, it may cause heading. Difficulties, the rate of seeding is reduced, and production is reduced. Different triazole fungicides have different levels of growth inhibition on crops. In general, epoxiconazole, fluorosilazol, propiconazole, diniconazole, triadimefon, tebuconazole, difenoconazole, and carbendazole.
Different triazole fungicides have different control spectrums. For example, propiconazole is mainly used for crop leaf spot, blight, anthracnose, powdery mildew, leaf mold, etc.; tebuconazole is mainly used for controlling powdery mildew, rust, scab, blight, root rot Disease, leaf mold and various spot diseases, especially for leaf spot disease of solanaceous vegetables, good control effect; flusilazole on crops powdery mildew, scab, leaf spot, rust, etc. Well, it has a long-lasting effect, strong permeability, and is prone to cumulative toxicity, so the application interval should be more than 10 days; difenoconazole on crops powdery mildew, rust, leaf spot, blight, early Diseases such as blight, blight, root rot and leaf mold have better control effects. Sometimes two triazole fungicides can be mixed together for better bactericidal effect. For example, propiconazole and difenoconazole, propiconazole and tebuconazole, prochloraz and imazalil, etc., and their bactericidal effect is better.
The best time to use the triazole fungicide is the initial stage of infection. For example, Haolik is a broad-spectrum triazole fungicide. It can treat a variety of fungal diseases in one dose. It is suitable for controlling powdery mildew, rice false smut, black spot, etc. in rice, Chinese cabbage, apple, pear and other crops. Rotational disease, spotted leaf disease, etc., are required to be used in the early stage of the disease, mainly using foliar spray, once every 7-10 days, for 2-4 times, the disease prevention effect is good. In the early stage of the disease, the bacteria begin to form new asexual spores while taking organic nutrients. At this time, the triazole fungicide is used, which can just form the bactericidal effect of the therapeutic agent. The spores of the bacteria are killed in time to prevent re-infection of the bacteria.
The triazole fungicide is preferably mixed with other fungicides of the sterilization mechanism, which not only has better effects, but also helps prevent the bacteria from becoming resistant to the medicament. In the production, the triazole fungicide is compounded with various protective fungicides such as pyriazine, copper preparation, and mancozeb, so that most of the spores before the germination can be killed first, and then removed. The residual germs that have invaded the crops have a better bactericidal effect. Another example is the use of tebuconazole in combination with Jinggangmycin in the control of wheat and rice sheath blight, which is beneficial to improve the control of sheath blight. When using wheat rust, mixed with tebuconazole and Jinggangmycin can improve the control effect on rust. If the amount of pure medicinal amount per mu in the field is increased, it can not only effectively prevent rust, powdery mildew and sheath blight, but also inhibit the elongation of the base during the jointing stage of wheat, which is beneficial to prevent the late fall of wheat. . In the spring wheat field control insects (mainly aphids, red spiders), when tebuconazole and Jinggangmycin are mixed, you can add omethoate, beta-cypermethrin, avermectin and other insecticides , pay attention to the second dilution method. Reasonable dispensing of pharmaceutical liquids can play a role in both treating and killing insects. However, it should be noted that gibberellic acid should not be added when applying triazole fungicides in rice fields. The inhibitory effect of triazole fungicides on rice is very weak, and normal drug administration will not adversely affect rice growth. When adding a broad-spectrum plant growth regulator gibberellic acid, it is necessary to pay attention to the sensitivity of different rice varieties to gibberellic acid. It is best not to add gibberellic acid without knowing the sensitivity of rice varieties to gibberellic acid. In order to prevent the rice from being pulled too long under the ear, causing late lodging.
Pay attention to the safe dose used. The dosage of triazole fungicides is a problem that is easily overlooked. In recent years, in the prevention and treatment of late rice diseases, overdose application has occurred frequently, and some of them are continuously applied in a short period of time, or with other sterilization. The mixture is used in combination, and it is easy to appear in the upper part of the 2-3 internodes before heading in the late stage of rice growth, which has adverse effects on rice. Also pay attention to the concentration of safe use, such as leaf spot, aphid, powdery mildew, etc., when using 25% propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, when the concentration exceeds 3000 times, it is easy to produce phytotoxicity; When rust, powdery mildew, blight, root rot and other diseases, the granules are dispersed with 10% difenoconazole water, the safe concentration is 1000-1500 times, and the safety interval is maintained for more than 7 days. It is necessary to clarify that the dose of the triazole fungicide to inhibit crop growth is different from the appropriate dose for sterilization. As long as the relationship between the two is grasped, the triazole fungicide can be safely and effectively used.
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