Scientists develop a convenient manufacturing method for graphene transistors

According to reports recently organized by the Physicist Organization Network, scientists in Germany and Sweden have discovered that graphene transistors can be manufactured using a similar simple lithography process on silicon carbide crystals. It is currently not known that the model will be scaled down and its operating speed How much, but the breakthrough is expected to allow them to develop computers based on graphene chips instead of carbon-based chips. The research was published in the journal Nature Communications.

Graphene has more conductive and thermal conductivity than silicon and other traditional semiconductor materials, and the size of transistors made of silicon is approaching the limit. Scientists believe that nanoscale carbon materials may be a "rescue" and graphene is expected to be replaced in the future. Silicon becomes an electronic component material. However, the main purpose of using graphene to make chips is not to “slim down” the chip, but to use its high-efficiency electrical conductivity to make it run faster without having to make the chip smaller.

However, the use of graphene also faces problems that are difficult to connect with other metals (such as electrodes), are easily broken, are not natural semiconductors, etc., and there is a need to find a way to make it like a semiconductor in order to create the basic components of the computer - Transistors. German and Swedish scientists have now found a new way.

Previous studies have found that if silicon carbide crystals are baked to an appropriate degree, silicon atoms on the surface are pushed out, leaving only a layer of carbon, which is graphene. Since the graphene layer is always attached to the multi-layer silicon carbide (a semiconductor) below it, this shows that the graphene material obtained in this way can be used to fabricate transistors.

The team then used a beam of energetic charged atoms to etch the material into a tunnel to create the necessary parts for the transistor to operate: source, gate (gate) and drain. Scientists also discovered that when etching intermediate tunnels, the use of oxygen can transform the intermediate tunnels from contacts into gates. Eventually, they create a working transistor.

Because scientists have scaled up the size of the transistors for research purposes, they still don't know how much the new transistor will actually increase in speed; nor do they know how much it will run once it is scaled down. But they know that the ability to use graphene to make such functional transistors is a breakthrough that computer engineers have been waiting for, suggesting that only a simple lithography step can be made without metal interconnecting devices. Out of transistors, diodes, resistors and eventually integrated circuits. (Liu Xia)

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