Key points in the installation process of household PV systems

2024-01-31 03:06:54

Household photovoltaics have entered the homes of ordinary people, not only to bring benefits to the people, but also energy saving and environmental protection. So what are the key points for installation of household photovoltaic systems that need attention?

Bracket installation

1. The bracket verticality deviation is not more than Â±1mm per meter, and the bracket angle deviation is not more than Â±1 degree. The overall installation of the brackets is to be neat and tidy. The rear pillars are kept perpendicular to the mounting surface. The main keel is kept parallel to the mounting surface. The mechanical mounting holes of the assembly should be ensured to fall near the two main keels. Therefore, when installing the bracket, ensure that the distance between the two main keels of the bracket is 867-1067mm.

2. The PV bracket is grounded through a 40*4 mm galvanized flat iron.

Flat roof bracket installation

Flat roof bracket installation steps:

First clean the roof debris, use a tape measure to measure the basic installation position on the roof, and lay the foundation;

The percussive drill was used to drill holes in the cement foundation. The depth of the hole was determined by the thickness of the foundation and the length of the bolt. The bolt diameter was M10. (Foundation pre-embedded bolts on the thread handling impurities);

Use suction pump to suck out or blow out debris in the hole to ensure that the hole is clean;

Put the expansion bolt into the hole, use a non-metallic hammer such as a wooden hammer or a leather hammer to gently tap the bolt into the hole, and the distance between the hole and the hole is 30mm;

Install the sill or base and align the bottom hole or base hole with the bolt. Use a wrench to tighten the nut; (fix the other foundation base as above)

Measure the installation position of the rear pillar according to the angle of the bracket, and use the bolt to fix the base and the rear pillar;

Fix the inclined beam, use the corner connection and the rear pillar to fix it, and use the bolt to connect the inclined beam to the base;

Fixed keel, determine the installation position of the keel according to the mounting hole of the assembly, the distance between the keel and the mounting hole is kept at Â±100mm, the ends of the assembly are 200-300mm away from the inclined beam, use the special-shaped nut to fix the keel on the inclined beam;

Before installing the module, determine the height of the module before installation. The glass surface at the lower end of the module is 300mm away from the ground. Use a side clamp to fix the module. Fix the lower clamp to prevent the module from falling. The module frame is 20-30mm away from the ends of the keel. When fixing, two persons are required to use the pull wire method or the horizontal ruler to determine the overall parallelism of the components.

Color steel plate roof installation

1. Measure the installation position of the fixture according to the size indicated in the drawing, install the non-slip footboard on the roof to prevent damage to the color steel plate, and use the hexagonal cylinder screw to fix the color steel fixture in the corresponding position. For the trapezoidal color steel plate, direct punching is adopted to fix the C-shaped steel on the wave height plane of the color plate, punch the rubber pad and apply multi-functional adhesive on both sides (try to fix all the fixtures at one time, if conditions do not allow, at least once Fix two lines for easy installation of photovoltaic modules);

2. The guide rail is installed, and the guide rail spacing is selected according to the mounting hole position of the assembly. The distance between the mounting bracket and the mounting bracket is within Â±100mm. Use a special-shaped nut to pass through the crossbar and fix it on the fixture. Adjust the position of the border and tighten with the hexagon socket bolt.

3. Assemble the component, put the first component on the side of the rail, use the level ruler to determine the overall parallel of the component, the component frame is not less than 20mm away from the side of the rail, use the side clamp to fix, install the second component and use the medium-pressure block to fix The method of fastening the press block is diagonally fixed, and the rest of the components are installed one by one.

Tile roof installation

Measured in accordance with the dimensions of the drawings, the terracotta base was measured on the roof, the pre-installation location was removed, and the terracotta base was mounted on the roof sill using wood screws (all terracotta pedestals were fixed as much as possible, if Conditions do not allow, at least one fixed two lines to facilitate the keel installation);

For keel installation, the spacing of the keel is selected according to the position of the mounting hole of the assembly, the fixing range of the keel and the mounting hole is Â±100mm, and the special nut is fixed on the terracotta base through the cross beam, and the position of the adjustment frame is tightened with a hexagon socket bolt;

Component installation, put the first component on one side of the guide rail, use the level ruler to determine the overall parallel of the component, the component frame is not less than 20mm away from the side of the guide rail, use the side pressure block to fix, install the second block to use the medium pressure block to fix, press The block fastening method is diagonally fixed, and the remaining components are installed one after the other.

Component installation

1. Set a clearance of 50mm or more between the component and the mounting surface.

2. Leave 20mm gap between components.

3, the minimum point of the PV module should be 300mm away from the ground. When it is a general ground, it should not be less than 1000mm in order to prevent splashing on the sediment or destruction of small animals.

4. The distance between the glass surface of the PV module and the roof surface should be at least 10cm.

5. The distance between the two ends of the assembly and the keel shall not be less than 20mm to prevent the side pressure pieces from falling off.

6. Fix the keel and measure the mounting position of the keel. The ends of the assembly are 300-500mm from the keel.

7. The initial horizontal and vertical spacing of both components is more than 20 mm. It is easy to install the middle pressure block. After the final fixing, the horizontal and vertical spacing are both set to 20 mm.

8. The distance between the two ends of the assembly and the keel is not less than 20mm to prevent the side pressure pieces from falling off.

9, the component frame distance from the side of the rail is not less than 20mm.

10. The cable between the components must be bundled every 50cm.

DC combine box installation

1. The insulation resistance of the incoming and outgoing ends of the PV combiner box and the ground of the combiner box shall not be less than 2MÎ© (DC1000V).

2. The installation height of the inverter must be reasonable. The inlet (bottom) of the inverter is 600mm from the ground, and the outlet (upper or side of the machine) is 400mm.

Grid-connected inverter installation

The installation height of the inverter must be reasonable. The inlet (bottom) of the inverter is 600mm from the ground, and the outlet (upper or side of the machine) is 400mm.

Photovoltaic cable installation

1. Leave 20-30cm cable allowance at both ends of the assembly line to ensure that you can make 2-3 cable ends.

2. Pre-discharge of photovoltaic modules, according to the location of the PV combiner box, pre-discharge the appropriate amount, and no pre-discharge of waste can occur. The reserved length of each group cannot exceed 30 cm.

Ground mounting

1. The ground deflector should adopt round steel or flat steel. The round steel should be used first. The diameter of round steel should not be less than 8mm. Flat steel section should not be less than 48mm, its thickness should not be less than 4mm.

2. The artificial vertical grounding body buried in the soil should adopt angle steel, steel pipe or round steel, and artificial horizontal grounding body buried in the soil should adopt flat steel or round steel. Round steel diameter should not be less than 10mm; flat steel section should not be less than 100mm, its thickness should not be less than 4mm; angle steel thickness should not be less than 4mm; steel pipe wall thickness should not be less than 3.5mm, vertical grounding device should be applied permafrost Following, and to ensure that the grounding resistance of the entire grounding system is not greater than 4Î©.

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