Measuring method of conductivity meter

**Measurement Method of Conductivity Meters** Conductivity meters are essential tools for measuring the electrical conductivity of a solution, which is directly related to the concentration of ions present. There are two main methods for measuring conductance: DC measurement and AC measurement. While both are used, the AC method is more commonly employed due to its ability to minimize errors caused by polarization effects. In AC conductivity measurement, the most common sensor types are the two-electrode and four-electrode systems. The two-electrode method involves applying a constant amplitude AC voltage between two electrodes, which results in a current flowing through the solution. This current is proportional to the conductivity of the solution, and the output is typically measured using an operational amplifier. However, this method is best suited for low resistance measurements (less than 1 kΩ). If the frequency of the AC signal is too low, polarization effects can occur, especially if there's a DC component in the power supply. To reduce such errors, higher frequencies (typically between 1 kHz and 3 kHz) are used for low resistance or high conductivity applications. This helps prevent the buildup of polarization voltages on the electrode surfaces. On the other hand, when measuring low conductivity or high resistance, the AC signal frequency must be kept relatively low to avoid errors caused by the capacitive reactance of the cell. The two-electrode method has a limitation: since the same electrodes serve as both current and voltage electrodes, polarization voltage can develop at the electrode-solution interface, leading to measurement inaccuracies. To address this issue, the four-electrode method was developed. In this configuration, two electrodes are used to inject current, while the other two measure the resulting voltage. The high input impedance of the operational amplifier ensures that almost no current flows through the voltage electrodes, eliminating polarization effects and improving measurement accuracy. **Product Overview from Guangzhou Chengmin Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.** Guangzhou Chengmin Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. is a professional agent for Yokogawa instruments, offering a wide range of measurement and test equipment, including analytical devices. Below are some of their key products: - **SC450G Four-Wire Conductivity Meter / Resistivity Meter** This advanced meter features a touch screen interface, strong functionality, and reliable performance. It is ideal for water quality testing in drinking water, process solutions, and pure/ultrapure water in industries like semiconductors, food, pharmaceuticals, and power. The SC450G supports USP standards for pure water monitoring and offers HART communication. - **DC402G Dual Cell Conductivity Meter** Known for its flexibility and reliability, the DC402G is suitable for demanding industrial environments. It provides accurate readings and supports various signal outputs, making it ideal for process control and chemical monitoring. - **FLXA21 Modular Two-Wire Conductivity Meter** A versatile analyzer that can measure pH/ORP, contact conductivity, inductive conductivity, or dissolved oxygen. It allows dual sensor connectivity, reducing installation costs and enhancing system reliability. - **SC72 Portable Conductivity Meter** Compact, waterproof, and easy to use, the SC72 is perfect for field measurements. It includes data storage, self-diagnosis, and automatic shutdown features. - **ISC40GJ / ISC40S Inductive Conductivity Sensors** These non-contact sensors are resistant to contamination and corrosion. They support digital communication protocols and are widely used in chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. - **SC210G, SC8SG, SC4AJ Conductivity Sensors** Available in various mounting styles, these sensors are used for water treatment, process control, and pure water resistivity measurements across multiple industries. By offering a comprehensive range of conductivity meters and sensors, Guangzhou Chengmin ensures accurate and reliable measurement solutions tailored to diverse industrial needs. Whether in lab settings or on-site operations, their products provide precision, ease of use, and long-term performance. *Http://news.chinawj.com.cn Editor: (Hardware Business Network Information Center)*

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