Application of silicone oil modified vinegar-acrylic emulsion in coating dyeing

Zhang Wenbo, Zhao Zhenhe, Zhang Peng (School of Textiles and Materials, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China) Abstract: A silicone oil-modified soap-free vinegar-acrylic emulsion was synthesized through semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerization using vinyl acetate and acrylate monomers, along with vinyl silicone oil and a small amount of a polymerizable emulsifier. The product was characterized using infrared spectroscopy and a laser particle size analyzer. This modified emulsion was used as a binder for dyeing cotton fabrics. The optimized process included 5% of the silicone oil-modified vinegar emulsion, 0.5% coating, and 0.5% crosslinker. Pre-baking at 80°C for 3 minutes and baking at 150°C for 3 minutes were applied. The results showed that the dry and wet rubbing fastness and soap fastness of the dyed fabrics using this emulsion were comparable to those of traditional adhesives, while offering a softer hand feel. Keywords: silicone modification; vinegar-acrylic emulsion; soap-free; adhesive; paint dyeing; cotton fabric CLC number: TS193.64 Document code: A Article ID: 1000-4017(2013) 01-0009-04 Introduction Traditional emulsion polymerization typically requires the use of emulsifiers to create stable oil-in-water dispersions. However, these emulsifiers can negatively affect the electrical, optical, surface, and water resistance properties of the resulting polymers. To address this issue, a small amount of a polymerizable emulsifier can be incorporated into the polymer chain, improving stability and performance. Polyvinyl acetate-acrylate emulsions (also known as vinegar-acrylic emulsions) have become popular in recent years due to their low cost and resistance to yellowing compared to pure acrylic or styrene-acrylic emulsions. However, they still suffer from similar drawbacks, such as poor water resistance and cold brittleness. Introducing vinyl silicone oil into the system via graft copolymerization significantly enhances the film’s water resistance and flexibility, thereby improving the softness and durability of dyed cotton fabrics. Test Methods 1.1 Main Raw Materials and Equipment The fabric used was plain woven cotton (14.57 tex). The chemicals included vinyl acetate (VAC), butyl acrylate (BA), acrylic acid (AA), hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), potassium persulfate (KPS), anion-non-reactive surfactant, vinyl silicone oil, paint blush FGR, sodium alginate, and a commercial crosslinker. The equipment included an electric agitator, thermostatic water bath, drying oven, electronic balance, heat setting machine, rubbing fastness tester, wash fastness tester, laser particle size analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. 1.2 Synthesis of Silicone Oil Modified Soap-Free Emulsion The synthesis involved mixing water, a polymerizable emulsifier, and monomers (VAC, BA, HEA) in a three-necked flask. After pre-emulsification, the reaction was initiated by heating to 70°C. The remaining monomer mixture was added gradually, and the temperature was controlled to ensure uniform polymerization. The final product was filtered and adjusted to neutral pH. 1.3 Emulsion Performance Testing Solid content, conversion rate, gel fraction, particle size distribution, and FTIR analysis were performed to evaluate the emulsion's properties. These tests confirmed the emulsion’s stability, fine particle size, and successful incorporation of silicone oil. 1.4 Paint Dyeing Process The dyeing formula included 0.5% paint blush FGR, 5% adhesive, and 0.5–2% crosslinker. The process involved padding the fabric in the dye solution, followed by drying and baking. 1.5 Fabric Performance Evaluation The fabric’s color depth (K/S value), rubbing fastness, washing fastness, and softness were tested according to standard methods. Softness was evaluated by five professionals on a scale from 1 (hard) to 5 (soft). Results and Discussion The effect of varying silicone oil content on the emulsion was studied. Increasing the silicone oil content improved the polymerization rate and reduced gelation, but excessive amounts led to lower conversion and increased gel fraction. An optimal silicone oil content of 8% was determined. The emulsion demonstrated excellent performance, including good stability, fine particle size, and strong chemical bonding between the silicone oil and the polymer chain, as confirmed by FTIR. The baking time and temperature significantly influenced the fabric’s color fastness and softness. A baking time of 3 minutes and a temperature of 150°C provided the best results. Comparing the self-made silicone-acrylic emulsion with traditional adhesives, the new emulsion showed comparable fastness properties and superior softness. Adding a crosslinking agent further improved fastness but slightly reduced softness. Conclusion The self-made silicone oil-modified soap-free vinegar-acrylic emulsion exhibited excellent performance and stability. The successful grafting of silicone oil onto the polymer chain enhanced the fabric’s softness and durability. This emulsion is a promising alternative to traditional adhesives in textile dyeing applications. References [1] Cao Tongyu, Liu Qingpu, Hu Jinsheng. Principle and application of polymer emulsion synthesis principle [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2007. [2] Sun Fuxia. Study on emulsion polymerization of acrylic modified polyvinyl acetate [J]. Colloids and Polymers, 2008, 26(4): 15–18. [3] Long Bin, Huang Chunbao, Wang Hainan, et al. Preparation of silicon/acrylic composite emulsion and its application progress [J]. Journal of Textiles, 2006, 27(3): 9–11. [4] Niu Song, Zhao Zhenhe, Li Xiaopeng, et al. Synthesis and application of silicone-free soap-free emulsion [J]. Printing and Dyeing, 2010, 36(6): 9.

Self Clinching Standoffs

Stud,Blind Standoff,Self Clinching Standoff,Thru-Hole Threaded Standoffs,Nut Standoff

Dongguan Tiloo Industrial Co., Ltd , https://www.sales-fastener.com