Technical Requirements for Independent Photovoltaic Power Generation System Fujian Provincial Local Standard (DB35/T 96)
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terminology and definition of independent photovoltaic power generation system, usage conditions, system requirements, subsystem requirements and acceptance.
This standard applies to ground independent photovoltaic power generation systems with power below 30kW.
2 normative references
The clauses in the following documents have been adopted as references to this standard. For dated references, all subsequent amendments (not including errata content) or revisions do not apply to this standard, however, encourage the parties to reach an agreement based on this standard to study whether the latest version of these documents can be used . For undated references, the latest version is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 9535-1998 Terrestrial Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Modules - Design, Identification and Stereotype
GB/T 13337.1-1991 Fixed acid-proof lead-acid battery technical conditions
GB/T 18210-2000 In-situ measurement of IV characteristics of crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) arrays
GB/T 18911-2002 Design, Identification and Stereotype of Thin-film Photovoltaic Modules for Floor Use
GB/T 19064-2003 Technical requirements and test methods for domestic solar photovoltaic power systems
GB/T 20321.1-2006 Inverters for off-grid wind and solar power systems Part 1: Technical conditions
GB/T 20321.2-2006 Inverters for off-grid wind and solar power systems Part 2: Test methods
GB 50054-1995 Design Specification for Low Voltage Distribution
GB 50094-1997 Design Code for Lightning Protection of Buildings
GB 50168-1992 Specification for construction and acceptance of cable lines for installation of electrical installations
GB 50169-1992 Specification for construction and acceptance of grounding devices for installation of electrical installations
GB 50172-1992 Specification for construction and acceptance of batteries for installation of electrical installations
GB 50205-2001 Specification for Construction Quality Acceptance of Steel Structure Engineering
Installation of GB 50258-1996 electrical installations 1kV and below wiring project construction and acceptance specifications
DL 5027-1993 Typical Fire Regulations for Electrical Equipment
SJ/T 11127-1997 Photovoltaic (PV) Power System Overvoltage Protection - Guidelines
YD/T 799-2002 Valve Controlled Sealed Lead Acid Battery for Communication
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Independent photovoltaic power generation system
A power generation system that converts incident solar radiation into electrical energy and is not connected to the utility grid.
4 conditions of use
4.1 Ambient temperature: -10°C to +55°C.
4.2 Relative humidity of air: no more than 90% (25°C±5°C).
4.3 No conductive, explosive dust, no corrosive metal, and no insulating gas at the operating site.
5 System Requirements
5.1 System Composition
5.1.1 The independent photovoltaic power generation system should include the following subsystems in function:
a) Main control and monitoring subsystems: Monitor the overall operation of the photovoltaic power generation system and the interaction between the various subsystems, and it can also act on the load.
b) Photovoltaic subsystem: A unit that directly converts incident solar radiation into direct current energy.
c) Energy storage subsystem: It is used to store electrical energy and meet the requirements of continuous power consumption. Including energy storage devices and input and output control devices.
d) Power Regulation Subsystem: Transform electrical energy into one or more systems suitable for subsequent load use.
5.1.2 In a specific stand-alone photovoltaic power generation system, some parts of the above subsystems may be omitted, and some of the components of the subsystems may appear in a single or combined form.
5.1.3 Distribution boards that do not include an independent photovoltaic system and load interface.
5.2 System Power Supply Guarantee Rate
For conventional power systems, the power supply guarantee rate for an independent photovoltaic power generation system should be more than 80%.
5.3 Safety Requirements
The system should meet the relevant safety requirements:
1) Construction safety: It should meet the requirements of Section 3 of Chapter 3 of GB 50054-1995.
2) Electrical safety: Corresponding regulations in accordance with GB 50054-1995 shall be complied with; the exposed live parts of all electrical equipment in the system shall be provided with safety
Prompt signs; system overvoltage protection should meet the requirements of SJ/T 11127-1997.
3) Fire safety: It should meet the requirements of DL 5027-1993.
6 subsystem requirements
6.1 Main Control and Monitoring Subsystem
6.1.1 The master control and monitoring subsystem shall include the following monitoring and control functions:
a) Sensing and acquisition of system data signals;
b) System data processing, recording, transmission and display;
c) Transmission control of electrical energy;
d) Startup and control of the equipment.
6.1.2 Some functions of the master control and monitoring subsystems can be included in other subsystems, and this standard is standardized in the corresponding subsystems.
6.2 PV Subsystem
Photovoltaic subsystems include photovoltaic modules, installation foundations, support structures, internal electrical connections, protective facilities, and grounding.
6.2.1 General requirements
a) The choice of the square field should avoid the influence of shadows, and there should be enough space between the arrays to ensure that there is no shade between the PV modules from 9 am to 3 pm local time of the year.
b) The square array support can be fixed or intermittent/continuously adjustable. The system design should choose the proper orientation for the square array. The PV modules should generally face the south; the angle between the PV module and the ground can be in the range of 260±30. Selected.
c) Photovoltaic modules connected in series or in parallel according to a certain method, the IV characteristic curve should have good consistency in order to reduce the combination loss of the square matrix; the PV subsystem should minimize the combination loss through optimizing the design.
6.2.2 Technical Requirements of Main Components
6.2.2.1 Photovoltaic modules
Photovoltaic modules must meet the requirements of GB/T 9535-1998 or GB/T 18911-2002.
6.2.2.2 Square Bracket
a) The square bracket design should ensure that the connection between the photovoltaic module and the bracket, the base and the foundation is firm and reliable; the distance between the module and the ground should not be less than 0.6m.
b) The strength of the reticle support should be able to withstand the greatest wind load requirements in local history.
c) The phalanx bracket structure should meet the requirements for long-term outdoor use.
d) The square array bracket should be grounded reliably, and the grounding resistance of the grounding body should be no more than 10Ω.
6.3 Energy Storage Subsystem
a) The input and output control functions of the energy storage subsystem are implemented by a control and regulation device.
b) This standard specifies the technical requirements for fixed anti-acid, VRLA batteries, other types of batteries can refer to the relevant national standards or industry standards.
6.3.1 General requirements
a) The battery shall have a production certificate, and the type and date of manufacture of the battery shall be indicated on the certificate; the appearance of the battery shall not be deformed, leaked, cracked or stained; the mark shall be clear.
b) The storage time of the battery shall not exceed six months; after standing for 90 days, its charge shall not be less than 80%.
c) The battery design should have a discharge depth of no more than 30% and a maximum depth of discharge of no more than 80%. For systems that perform charge and discharge control based on the battery voltage, when designing discharge control voltage points, the battery discharge rate should be fully considered to ensure that the battery The design depth of discharge.
6.3.2 Fixed acid-proof lead-acid batteries
Battery tank, air tightness, capacity, self-discharge, acid resistance, safety performance, maximum discharge current, resistance to trickle charging, electrolyte storage, life, sealing agent performance and shelf life, etc. shall comply with the requirements of GB 13337.1-1991 .
6.3.3 Valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries
Battery capacity, high current discharge, capacity preservation rate, sealing reaction efficiency, anti-fog performance, safety valve requirements, overcharge resistance, connection voltage drop between batteries, and explosion-proof performance shall comply with the requirements of YD/T 799-2002.
6.3.4 Insulation performance
The insulation resistance of the battery to the ground should not be less than 10MΩ (DC500V).
6.3.5 Battery Installation
The battery installation shall meet the requirements of 2.1.3 in GB 50172-1992. When connecting the fastening nut, the torque should meet the corresponding design requirements.
6.4 Power Regulation Subsystem
The power regulation subsystem is mainly composed of one or more of the following components: DC regulating device, DC/DC interface, inverter device, AC/AC interface, main control and monitoring device. Should adopt integrated optimization design of one machine.
6.4.1 General requirements
a) The selection of power conditioners shall meet the design function requirements of the photovoltaic system, and the coordination and matching of functions and/or power (capacity) shall be considered among the devices.
b) The installation cabinet shall be equipped with mounting holes and lifting devices; it shall be reliably grounded; the protection level of the product structure shall not be lower than IP20.
c) The insulation performance of the equipment shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 3859.1-1993. Vibration resistance should meet the design requirements.
6.4.2 Controller
The controller refers to a device that implements DC regulation, DC/DC interface, and some (or all) of the main control and monitoring functions in an independent photovoltaic power generation system.
6.4.2.1 General requirements
The protection functions, control functions, static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the controller shall meet the requirements of 6.3 of GB/T 19064-2003.
6.4.2.2 Measurement display
The controller shall have a measurement display of the main operating parameters and an indication of the operating status. The measurement display parameters shall include the total current of the photovoltaic array, the battery (group) voltage, and the total battery charge current; the indication of the operating status shall indicate the working/fault status of the storage battery and the photovoltaic array.
6.4.2.3 Remote Monitoring Function
The controller should have a remote monitoring function.
6.4.3 Inverter
Inverters are devices that implement inverters, AC/AC interfaces, and some (or all) of the main control and monitoring functions in an independent photovoltaic power generation system.
6.4.3.1 General requirements
The protection function, static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the inverter shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 20321.1-2006.
6.4.3.2 Measurement display
The inverter shall have a measurement display of the main operating parameters and an indication of the operating status. The measurement display parameters should include the DC input voltage, input current, AC output voltage, AC output current, etc.; the indication of the operating status should show the inverter's working/fault status.
6.4.3.3 Remote Monitoring Function
The inverter should have a remote monitoring function.
7 Other requirements
7.1 Cable laying shall comply with the requirements of GB 50168-1992.
7.2 indoor wiring should meet the requirements of GB 50258-1996.
7.3 Lightning protection device design should meet the requirements of GB 50094-1997.
7.4 The grounding device construction shall meet the requirements of GB 50169-1992.
8 Acceptance
After the installation of the independent photovoltaic power generation system is completed and the trial operation is normal, acceptance can be carried out. The acceptance requirements are as follows:
a) The data is reasonable and complete, the main equipment and materials are complete, and management and training materials are available.
b) The maintenance operating procedures are in accordance with the requirements for the operation and operation of each equipment, and include all levels of maintenance contents required for ensuring the long-term normal operation of the independent photovoltaic power generation system.
c) The on-site inspection results meet the requirements, and the photovoltaic subsystem power and battery capacity determined by the inspection meet the design requirements.
d) According to the results of system comprehensive evaluation and on-site inspection of the system, assess the system power supply security rate to meet the design (or contract) requirements.
8.1 Technical Documents
a) The acceptance of an independent photovoltaic power generation system should have a complete technical documentation. Documents include: design, equipment and materials, project management, training, operation management and other relevant information.
b) The system design data shall include design drawings, design specifications, and system configuration lists.
c) The system equipment and material data shall include the qualification certificates, inspections and/or related certification reports, operating instructions and/or technical specifications of the major equipment and materials of each subsystem.
d) The project management data shall include the main equipment unpacking inspection records, system installation records, etc.
e) Training materials should include training materials, system operating instructions, etc.
f) Operation management information shall include operation management procedures, operation records, maintenance operation procedures and troubleshooting guides.
8.2 On-site inspection
8.2.1 Main Instruments and Equipment
a) Square array IV characteristics measuring instrument;
b) Adjustable DC power supply;
c) Megohmmeter;
d) temperature sensor or multimeter with temperature measurement function;
e) current meter;
f) voltmeter;
g) thermometer;
h) ruler, tape measure;
i) Density meter;
j) test switch;
k) level;
l) Radiation intensity meter or standard solar cell.
8.2.2 Security Detection
Data verification and testing according to various sub-items shall meet the requirements of 5.3.
8.2.3 PV Subsystem Inspection
8.2.3.1 Engineering Inspection
a) Check whether the square bracket has grounding and lightning protection devices. The grounding resistance should be no more than 10Ω.
b) Visually check the connection of the PV modules and the direction of the connection into the junction box (box) is reasonable, orderly and stable.
c) Visually inspect the bracket for secure attachment and appearance.
d) The connection of the matrix fastening bolts shall comply with the requirements of 6.2 of GB 50205-2001.
e) Measure the azimuth of the photovoltaic array and meet the requirements of 6.2.1.
f) Measure the angle between the PV module and the ground and meet the design requirements.
g) Measure the minimum height of the phalanx assembly from the ground and meet the requirements of 6.2.2.2.
8.2.3.2 Feature Detection
1) On-site inspections should be conducted at local noon time with good solar irradiation. When measuring the PV subsystem power, the solar irradiance should be greater than 700W/m2. When part of the circuit needs to be disconnected during the test, the relevant requirements of the system should be followed and safety operations should be observed.
2) The characteristic test is carried out according to GB/T 18210-2000, and the combined loss of the PV subsystems shall meet the design requirements.
8.2.4 Energy Storage Subsystem Inspection
8.2.4.1 Battery appearance
Visually inspect the appearance of the battery and meet the appearance requirements in 6.3.1.
8.2.4.2 Fastening of Connectors Between Cells
The torque to connect the tightening nut should meet the requirements of 6.3.5.
8.2.4.3 Battery capacity
Determine the total capacity of the battery pack based on the battery's technical parameters, the PV system's operating history, and the total number of installed batteries.
8.2.5 Power Adjustment Subsystem Detection
8.2.5.1 General Inspection
According to the requirements listed in 6.4.1, visual inspection or equipment and equipment testing.
8.2.5.2 Controller Detection
8.2.5.2.1 Function and Feature Detection
According to the technical documentation of the product, confirm that the protection function, static characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the controller comply with the requirements in 6.3 of GB/T 19064-2003.
The control function of the controller is tested according to the provisions in 9.3 of GB/T 19064-2003.
8.2.5.2.2 Measurement Display Function Detection
Perform the measurement function test according to the requirements of 6.4.2.2 and check visually for compliance.
8.2.5.2.3 Remote Monitoring Function Detection
When the system design has a remote monitoring function, remote monitoring and detection shall be performed according to the equipment operation instructions, and the functions shall be normal.
8.2.5.3 Inverter detection
8.2.5.3.1 Function and Feature Detection
According to the technical documentation of the product, confirm that the protection function, static characteristic and dynamic characteristic of the inverter comply with the requirements of GB/T 20321.1-2006; the short-circuit protection, polarity reversal protection and no-load loss of the inverter, etc., according to GB The corresponding method specified in /T 20321.2-2006 is used for detection.
8.2.5.3.2 Measurement Display Function Detection
Perform the measurement and functional test according to the requirements of 6.4.3.2, and check whether it meets the requirements by visual inspection.
8.2.5.3.3 Remote Monitoring Function Detection
When the system design has a remote monitoring function, remote monitoring and detection shall be performed according to the equipment operation instructions, and the functions shall be normal.
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