Yield increase effect of deep chemical fertilizer on corn
2022-09-26 08:06:01
The deep application of chemical fertilizers is an important technology for the Ministry of Agriculture to implement the agricultural cost-saving project in the whole country. It has the characteristics of low investment and good economic benefits, and has been widely used. Qinglong County, Guizhou Province belongs to the karst geological and geomorphic area. In order to provide technical reference for the deep application of corn fertilizer in high altitude areas of the county, the author conducted this test.
1 Materials and methods 1.1 Basic conditions of the test site The test site is set up in Li Xingfu, Lishouzhai Formation, Bixe Town, Qinglong County, Guizhou Province. The altitude is 1 100 m, the annual average temperature is about 9 °C, and the rainfall is 1 050. Mm, frost-free period 265 d, soil pH 5.6, yellow soil, uniform fertility, moderate ventilation, good drainage, pre-production wheat.
1.2 Test material urea (including N46%); corn variety is Xinghuangdan 89-2.
1.3 Test design The fertilization depth of the test is set to 5 treatments. Treatment A: 0 cm (table application) as control; treatment B: 4 cm; treatment C: 8 cm; treatment D: 12 cm; treatment E: 16 cm. 3 repetitions, a total of 15 plots, with a plot area of ​​26.4 m2 (6 m × 4.4 m), arranged in a random block, with 8 rows per plot, 12 litters per row, and double seedlings, ie 192 plants per plot.
1.4 Test method The sowing time is from 10:00 to 12:00 on the morning of May 24, cloudy day, the emergence time is May 31, and the fertilization is divided into two times: the first fertilization (3 leaf period) is June. From 9:00 am to 12:00 am on the 7th, in the rainy weather, the average application rate of urea per plot is 0.2 kg, accounting for 1/3 of the total fertilization amount; the second fertilization (big bell mouth) time is 9:00 am on July 13 ~12:00, cloudy, accounting for 2/3 of the total fertilization amount, 0.6 kg of urea per plant and 0.2 kg of potassium fertilizer. The management level of each treatment was completely consistent. The experiment arranged a special person to observe the record, determine the plant height and ear length of the corn, calculate the yield of the plot, calculate the average value, and analyze the economic benefit.
2 Results and analysis 2.1 Plant height and ear height can be seen from the table, the average plant height of each treated corn increased compared with CK (table application), in order: treatment D> treatment C> treatment E> treatment B The average plant height at the depth of 12 cm was increased by 33.3 cm, and the maximum increase was 15.26%. The average panicle length ratio CK of each treated corn also increased, and the average panicle length of D was the largest, which was 6.3 cm higher than the surface application and increased by 28.25%.
2.2 Yield It can be seen from the table that the average yield of chemical fertilizer deep application plots is significantly higher than that of CK, and the yield increase is in order: treatment D> treatment c> treatment E> treatment B, and the average yield of corn treated with D is 2718 higher than that of CK. Kg/hm2, the maximum increase was 33.97%; the average yield of treated C was 2 110,5 kg/hm2, which was 26.38%.
2.3 Economic Benefits Tests In addition to different fertilization depths, other agronomic measures are identical. The application rate of urea per plot is 0.8kg (market price 2.40 yuan/kg), potassium fertilizer 0.2 kg (market price 2.20 yuan/kg), application. The cost of fertilizer is 2.36 yuan / 26.4 m2, and the cost per hectare is 900.00 yuan. It can be seen from Table 1 that the economic benefit of 12 cm is the highest, and the income per hectare is 3 448.80 yuan.
3 Summary test results show that reasonable deep application of chemical fertilizer can increase the plant height and ear length of maize and increase corn yield. The application of chemical fertilizer for deep application of 12 cm has the best effect of increasing yield and income. In the corn production of Qinglong County, Guizhou Province, deep application of chemical fertilizer should be vigorously promoted.
1 Materials and methods 1.1 Basic conditions of the test site The test site is set up in Li Xingfu, Lishouzhai Formation, Bixe Town, Qinglong County, Guizhou Province. The altitude is 1 100 m, the annual average temperature is about 9 °C, and the rainfall is 1 050. Mm, frost-free period 265 d, soil pH 5.6, yellow soil, uniform fertility, moderate ventilation, good drainage, pre-production wheat.
1.2 Test material urea (including N46%); corn variety is Xinghuangdan 89-2.
1.3 Test design The fertilization depth of the test is set to 5 treatments. Treatment A: 0 cm (table application) as control; treatment B: 4 cm; treatment C: 8 cm; treatment D: 12 cm; treatment E: 16 cm. 3 repetitions, a total of 15 plots, with a plot area of ​​26.4 m2 (6 m × 4.4 m), arranged in a random block, with 8 rows per plot, 12 litters per row, and double seedlings, ie 192 plants per plot.
1.4 Test method The sowing time is from 10:00 to 12:00 on the morning of May 24, cloudy day, the emergence time is May 31, and the fertilization is divided into two times: the first fertilization (3 leaf period) is June. From 9:00 am to 12:00 am on the 7th, in the rainy weather, the average application rate of urea per plot is 0.2 kg, accounting for 1/3 of the total fertilization amount; the second fertilization (big bell mouth) time is 9:00 am on July 13 ~12:00, cloudy, accounting for 2/3 of the total fertilization amount, 0.6 kg of urea per plant and 0.2 kg of potassium fertilizer. The management level of each treatment was completely consistent. The experiment arranged a special person to observe the record, determine the plant height and ear length of the corn, calculate the yield of the plot, calculate the average value, and analyze the economic benefit.
2 Results and analysis 2.1 Plant height and ear height can be seen from the table, the average plant height of each treated corn increased compared with CK (table application), in order: treatment D> treatment C> treatment E> treatment B The average plant height at the depth of 12 cm was increased by 33.3 cm, and the maximum increase was 15.26%. The average panicle length ratio CK of each treated corn also increased, and the average panicle length of D was the largest, which was 6.3 cm higher than the surface application and increased by 28.25%.
2.2 Yield It can be seen from the table that the average yield of chemical fertilizer deep application plots is significantly higher than that of CK, and the yield increase is in order: treatment D> treatment c> treatment E> treatment B, and the average yield of corn treated with D is 2718 higher than that of CK. Kg/hm2, the maximum increase was 33.97%; the average yield of treated C was 2 110,5 kg/hm2, which was 26.38%.
2.3 Economic Benefits Tests In addition to different fertilization depths, other agronomic measures are identical. The application rate of urea per plot is 0.8kg (market price 2.40 yuan/kg), potassium fertilizer 0.2 kg (market price 2.20 yuan/kg), application. The cost of fertilizer is 2.36 yuan / 26.4 m2, and the cost per hectare is 900.00 yuan. It can be seen from Table 1 that the economic benefit of 12 cm is the highest, and the income per hectare is 3 448.80 yuan.
3 Summary test results show that reasonable deep application of chemical fertilizer can increase the plant height and ear length of maize and increase corn yield. The application of chemical fertilizer for deep application of 12 cm has the best effect of increasing yield and income. In the corn production of Qinglong County, Guizhou Province, deep application of chemical fertilizer should be vigorously promoted.
Article source: New Rural Business Network
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