Electrical fire monitoring system application

In the past decade, electrical fires have become the leading cause of fire incidents in China. According to statistics from the Fire Bureau under the Ministry of Public Security, there were 159,000 fires reported in 2007 (excluding forest, grassland, military, and underground mine fires). Electrical faults accounted for 28.8% of these incidents. The following year, in 2008, 133,000 fires occurred, with electrical causes such as short circuits, overloads, and equipment failures responsible for 40,000 of them—making up 30.1% of all cases. This marked a 1.3 percentage point increase from the previous year, highlighting a growing trend that has raised serious concerns. Given this alarming situation, early detection, warning, and prevention have become critical priorities for fire safety. Addressing electrical fire risks at their source is now a top focus. As a result, the need for effective measures to prevent and control electrical fires has never been more urgent. In response, relevant government departments have introduced or updated standards requiring the installation of electrical fire monitoring and alarm systems in buildings. This paper discusses the application of the Acrel-6000 electrical fire monitoring system in workshops and large public spaces, based on the new national standard GB14827-2005 and the example of the leakage current monitoring system implemented by Canon Hi-tech Zone in Zhuhai. The project involves the new construction of facilities located in Jinding Industrial Park within the Zhuhai High-tech Zone, covering an area of 183,934 square meters. It includes G1, G2, and G3 plants, as well as management ridges and power dong areas. Each power circuit is monitored for electrical leakage and other potential issues, enabling accurate identification of faults and abnormal conditions. This helps detect hidden fire hazards early, allowing timely alerts to personnel so they can take corrective actions. The system not only improves operational efficiency but also reduces labor costs and minimizes the risk of fires. The system continuously monitors leakage current, overcurrent, and temperature signals across all power circuits. It uses sound and light alarms to alert staff about fault locations and track changes in those points. It also stores various fault and test data, displaying the power status of the system to prevent common electrical fire accidents caused by leakage, thus ensuring the safety of people and property. The system complies with the Chinese National Standard GB14287.1-2005, "Electrical Fire Monitoring System Part 1: Electrical Fire Monitoring Equipment." Its basic components include electrical fire monitoring equipment, residual current detectors, and temperature-based detectors, as specified in the standard GB14287-2005 and related design guidelines. The system adopts a hierarchical distributed structure, consisting of three layers: the station control layer, communication network layer, and field device layer. Each detector is connected to the communication server via a shielded twisted-pair RS485 interface using the MODBUS protocol. Data then flows through a Category 5 TCP/IP connection to the monitoring host. The field device layer collects and measures leakage current and temperature signals from the network, acting as a key component for data acquisition and executing control commands from the background system. The communication control layer includes a server, interface converters, and bus networks, facilitating flexible data exchange between devices and the host. The management and control layer allows users to monitor the system through software interfaces, computers, human-machine interfaces, printers, and UPS units. The software provides a user-friendly interface, processing data in real-time and displaying system status through visual graphics, numerical data, and audio alerts. It also enables managers to send and monitor commands, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system.

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