Russian scientists use new neutrino detection method to greatly improve nuclear power station safety
The Russian National Nuclear Energy Research University "Moscow Engineering Physics Institute" recently conducted a series of experiments to monitor the operating conditions of nuclear reactors using the neutrino coherent elastic scattering effect, which is expected to increase the accuracy of nuclear reactor remote control by nearly 1,000 times. The research was funded by the Russian State Atomic Energy Corporation.
One way to monitor the operation of nuclear reactors is to analyze neutrino radiation, which helps prevent the theft of nuclear fuel that can be used to make illegal nuclear weapons. Normally, the analysis of neutrino radiation is carried out remotely to prevent people from hindering the operation of suspected nuclear power plants.
Neutrinos are experimental particles formed in large numbers in nuclear reactions, and they can easily pass through the protective layer of nuclear power plants. Therefore, in order to prevent the leakage of neutrinos in a nuclear reactor, a "lead wall" with sufficient thickness is required. By analyzing neutrino radiation, researchers can grasp the isotopic composition of nuclear reactions and the phenomena that occur in the center of the reactor's active area.
Alexander Bolozdeniya, director of the Laboratory of Experimental Nuclear Physics of the "Moscow Engineering Physics Institute", said that the so-called weapon plutonium was formed during the operation of the nuclear reactor, and the neutrino radiation detector was recording the isotope composition of the active area of ​​the reactor. The change helps to discover this substance.
Russian researchers used the coherent elastic scattering effect of neutrinos to develop a new dual-phase emission detector, perfecting the neutrino detection method, and helping to increase the accuracy of remote nuclear reactor control by nearly 1,000 times.
Alexander Bolozdeniya said that at present, researchers have completed the analysis of the data obtained by using the coherent elastic scattering effect of neutrinos, and greatly revised the theoretical model. He said that a relatively light argon nucleus was used as a neutrino target in this experiment. The properties of argon are close to the xenon used in experimental detectors, but the price is only a fraction of that of xenon.
Alexander Bolozdeniya said that the new detector technology they developed helped to make nuclear energy safe and transparent, which attracted the attention of the International Atomic Energy Agency. At the same time, the new technology can also be used to analyze the neutrino radiation of the sun or supernova to understand the processes that take place inside them. The research team plans to launch the first batch of tests at the Kaliningrad nuclear power plant in Russia next year. (Reporter Dong Yingbi)
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