Suzhou Nano has made progress in research on efficient condensation and heat transfer nano-interfaces
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Condensation droplet self-driven away from nano-bionic interface has attracted the attention of the scientific community and industry in recent years, because this new heat and mass transfer interface can be used to design and develop high-performance phase-change thermal control devices to meet the growing demand for electronic devices. The need for heat dissipation, the development of more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly heat pump/air conditioner radiators, and the development of other new energy-saving thermal control systems.
It is well known that drop condensation is a more efficient form of energy transfer than film condensation. Discrete condensation droplets not only have lower thermal resistance than continuous film, but also can release more surface sites for More frequent nucleation-growth-convergence-expulsion and more efficient phase change heat transfer.
However, the interface of the condensed droplets on the surface of ordinary smooth metal is highly adherent, and it must be long to the millimeter scale to slide away due to gravity, which leads to its own thermal resistance is still too high, update frequency and the density of the residence is too low. In principle, the in-situ construction of a new condensed droplet from the metal surface from the nano-biomimetic functional film can achieve a drastic increase in the drop-like condensation heat transfer coefficient.
Unlike the drip condensation mode where the gravity is driven away, the condensed droplet self-driving mode is driven by the excess surface energy released by the self-fusion and does not require any external force such as gravity or steam shear force. However, how to experimentally obtain this novel and efficient droplet condensation heat transfer nano-interface and reveal its potential structural performance relationship remains a challenge, so far few studies have been conducted.
Recently, Gao Xuefeng, a researcher at the Suzhou Institute of Nanotechnology and Nanobionics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has made new progress in copper-based droplet interface condensation heat transfer nanointerface research. Firstly, they used ultra-thin nickel nano-cones to form in situ on the surface of copper by electrochemical deposition method. After chemical modification with low surface energy, the surface exhibited extraordinary small-scale condensation micro-liquid self-expulsion and high-density nucleation. Thermal characterization has confirmed that this nanostructure can achieve a 89% increase in the drop-like condensation heat transfer coefficient on copper-based surfaces. Related work has been published in the Journal of Applied Materials, American Chemical Society (ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 11719−11723).
In addition, they also proposed a strategy for realizing a drastic increase in droplet condensation heat transfer coefficient through the in-situ construction of cluster-shaped furrow nano-needles on the copper surface. Using deep-resolution SEM and high-speed high-resolution optical imagers, they studied the interaction of condensed droplets with nano-interfaces and combined theoretical analysis and found that this microscopic three-dimensional rough cluster-shaped furrow nano-needle not only can achieve condensation High-density nucleation of droplets, and the condensate grown in different microdomains can be formed into spherical suspension droplets by the “self-transport-self-expansion†or “single-self-expansion†growth mode. These droplets then merge with each other. The excess surface energy released can be self-eluting.
Preliminary thermal tests indicate that the drop-like condensation heat transfer coefficient on the nanomaterial surface can be increased by at least 125% compared to smooth copper. In principle, any nanostructures with microscopic three-dimensional roughness and very low solid-liquid interface adhesion are expected to be used to achieve a drastic improvement in the efficiency of droplet condensation heat transfer on metal surfaces. These findings will help design and develop efficient heat and mass transfer nano-interface materials and thermal control devices. Related work has been published in the Journal of Applied Materials, American Chemical Society (ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 10660−10665).
This work was supported by the National Major Research Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the key deployment project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the President of the Suzhou Nanometer Institute.
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