Scientists have developed an environmentally friendly flame retardant coating made of plants and clay

2021-03-11 12:23:30

Given that they are suitable for items such as furniture and home insulation, if the flame retardant coating does not emit toxic fumes, it would be the best choice. This is why scientists at Texas A & M University have developed a non-toxic alternative made from naturally renewable materials. The new coating was jointly developed by a team led by Dr. Jaime Grunlan and scientists from the Royal Swedish Institute of Technology (KTH).

Used as a water-based solution for multiple layers, it combines cellulose nanofibers (microfibers) obtained from plant cell walls and nanosheets of vermiculite clay. When the solution dries, it becomes a thin transparent film in which fibers and flakes are stacked together to form a brick wall-like structure. This can act as a non-flammable, oxygen-impermeable barrier, minimizing the amount of heat that can reach the materials below.

In laboratory tests, flexible coatings are applied to polyurethane foam, which is commonly used in furniture cushions. When the polyurethane was subsequently exposed to the flame of a butane torch, only the surface of the foam was affected, the rest was not affected. In contrast, when uncoated foam samples were burned, they immediately melted.

"The coated nanorod wall structure lowers the temperature experienced by the underlying foam, which delays combustion," Grunlan said. "This coating also helps to promote the formation of insulating carbon and reduce the release of burning fumes."

Researchers are now improving this technology and are studying methods to produce coatings on a commercial scale.

A paper about the research was recently published in the journal Advanced Materials Interfaces.

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