U.S. Develops DNA Graphene Nanostructures

In a groundbreaking development reported by the Physicist Organization Network on April 11 (Beijing time), researchers from MIT and Harvard University have made significant progress in creating graphene nanostructures using DNA. This innovative approach has taken a major step toward large-scale production of graphene-based electronic chips, as detailed in a recent article published in *Nature Communications*. The scientists utilized DNA sequences to build nanostructures with specific folded shapes, which act as templates for controlling the arrangement of inorganic materials on graphene sheets. This method allows for the creation of intricate nanoscale patterns on carbon-rich graphene surfaces, opening new possibilities for advanced electronics. The process involves using single-stranded DNA, which can be likened to a molecular puzzle. Each strand can connect with four specific structures, interlocking to form precise three-dimensional shapes. So far, researchers have successfully constructed over 100 complex nanoscale designs using this technique. However, DNA is not ideal for long-term use due to its sensitivity to light, oxygen, and other chemicals. To overcome this, the team transferred the structural information from DNA to graphene. They first anchored the DNA on the graphene surface, then coated it with silver and gold. Once covered, the DNA became metallized, allowing the graphene structure to be etched into the desired shape. Afterward, the metallized DNA was removed, leaving behind a stable graphene pattern. While the technique is promising, some details were lost during the metallization process, making it less precise than electron beam lithography. That method, although more accurate, is expensive, slow, and hard to scale up. The DNA-based approach offers a more efficient alternative. One of the most interesting structures created is the graphene ribbon. These narrow strips can confine electrons, giving them a bandgap—something that pure graphene lacks. This makes them suitable for use in transistors and other electronic components. Similarly, graphene rings show potential as quantum interference devices. In the future, this DNA-based technique could revolutionize the way graphene circuits are designed and manufactured. For years, placing nanowires or nanotubes on graphene has been a major challenge. Now, with metallized DNA, the process becomes much simpler. According to Robert Harden, a professor at UC Berkeley, the concept is highly innovative and could significantly advance the field of graphene nanoelectronics. (Reporter: He Wei)

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