Rhizobium needs to be fertilized

Although Rhizobium bacteria can supply nitrogen to leguminous crops, during the early growth stages of these plants, when the rhizobia have not yet established a significant symbiotic relationship, it is essential to supplement nitrogen fertilizer based on the soil's fertility level. This ensures that the plants receive adequate nutrients for healthy development. Once the legumes enter the reproductive phase, a large portion of the assimilated materials is directed toward seed formation, causing the nodules to deteriorate and reducing their nitrogen-fixing capacity. Phosphorus plays a crucial role in nodule development and enhances the nitrogen-fixing ability of the nodules. Therefore, applying phosphate fertilizers is important to support this process. Similarly, potassium and calcium are vital for microbial activity in the soil. Adding calcium ions (Ca²⁺) in acidic soils can promote nodule formation and increase the nodule rate. When applying base fertilizers, it’s recommended to include an appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer and calcium powder to improve soil pH and provide essential nutrients. Molybdenum is essential for Rhizobium to synthesize nitrogenase, the enzyme responsible for nitrogen fixation. Applying molybdenum fertilizer can boost the activity of Rhizobium and enhance nodule formation. It is advised to mix 0.1% to 0.05% of Hefeng Molybdenum with Rhizobium inoculant for seed treatment. However, the concentration should not exceed 0.3%, as higher levels may inhibit Rhizobium activity. Boron is also necessary for legume growth. A suitable method to supply boron is by using 500–1000 grams per mu of boron-containing granules as a base fertilizer, or by applying a 1000-fold diluted solution before and after flowering. Additionally, iron is important for nodule formation, root nodule development, and nitrogen fixation activity. However, iron tends to be fixed in the soil and ferrous sulfate can oxidize easily in the air. To improve iron uptake efficiency, high-performance chelating agents like spread-through can be added during foliar spraying. This helps ensure that the plants receive sufficient iron, supporting overall growth and nitrogen fixation.

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