Scientifically carry out green control of wheat scab

Wheat scab is a major epidemic that threatens the safety of summer grain production and the quality and safety of agricultural products in our province. It has strong outbreaks and heavy damage. In recent years, the practice of prevention and control shows that from the autumn broadcast, the comprehensive use of effective measures such as disease-resistant varieties, fitness cultivation, chemical control, and implementation of the green prevention and control concept is to improve the disease prevention and control effect, reduce damages, and build a good harvest in the coming summer. The important guarantee of the foundation.

1 Fully understand the significance of implementing green control of scab

The traditional method of controlling scab is mainly relying on chemical control, not only the amount of pesticide is large, but also the control effect is unstable. The demonstrations in recent years show that promoting green control of scab can not only improve the disease control effect, but also reduce the use of pesticides and ensure the green and healthy development of the wheat industry.

The first is the scientific choice of controlling and guaranteeing production at this stage. Scab will not only cause severe wheat yield reduction, but also cause a decline in wheat quality and a decline in planting efficiency. In the face of the severe situation in which the risk of disease epidemic remains high, in the current situation where it is difficult to make a fundamental breakthrough in the resistance of wheat varieties and the selectivity of high-efficiency control drugs is small, fully utilize the existing resistant varieties and actively promote healthy cultivation. Collaborative application of high-efficiency pharmaceutical green prevention and control technology, multiple measures, comprehensive policy, full control, is the scientific choice to control the epidemic hazard and ensure the safety of wheat production.

The second is an important way to promote the reduction of pesticides. In recent years, due to factors such as adjustment of cultivation methods and climate anomalies, wheat scab is popular in our province with high frequency and prevention and control pressure. In the face of the threat of disease epidemic, if relying solely on chemical control, not only the use of pesticides is large, but also the cost of prevention and control is high, and the risk of excessive pesticide residues is high. From the beginning of autumn sowing, from the application of resistant varieties to the application of fitness training, it can not only enhance the resilience of wheat, reduce the risk of epidemic, but also reduce the pressure of prevention and control, thereby reducing the use of pesticides and promoting the zero-growth action of pesticides. implement.

The third is the positive measures to implement the concept of green development of agriculture. Green development of agriculture is related to national food security, resource security and ecological security. Vigorously promoting the green production mode of agriculture and focusing on changing the extensive management mode of large water and large fertilizers are not only the clear requirements of ecological civilization construction, but also the inherent needs of agricultural development. The traditional methods of prevention and control are not only passive, but also unsatisfactory, and the measures are not sustainable. Therefore, actively changing the prevention and control strategy, based on green prevention and control, scientific prevention and control, and optimizing prevention and control methods are the positive measures for plant protection work to implement the requirements of green development.

2 Vigorously promote green prevention and control technology, and strive to improve prevention and control effects

From the research progress and prevention and control practices of scab prevention technology at home and abroad in recent years, the transformation of excessive dependence on chemical prevention and control, and vigorous promotion of green prevention and control technology can significantly improve the control effect and reduce the damage loss. All localities should firmly establish the concept of green prevention and control, vigorously promote green prevention and control technology, and strive to improve the level of prevention and control.

The first is to strengthen the adjustment of autumn planting structure. In combination with the reform of agricultural supply side and the implementation of the fallow fallow policy, we will actively adjust and optimize the autumn planting structure, especially in areas with high prevalence of scab in southern Jiangsu and along the Yangtze River. We should actively promote the rotation of fallow and the cultivation of wheat in autumn and autumn. Replanting rapeseed, broad beans, green manure and other crops in the region; or implementing gap fallow, that is, one year of planting wheat for one year, cultivating soil fertility, and implementing the grain-local strategy, which will not only reduce the risk of scab, but also help to ensure rice. Stable production and high yield.

The second is to vigorously promote the resistance to disease-resistant varieties. Recent studies have shown that under the same disease severity and control conditions, the degree of damage, the level of toxin production, and the effect of drug control are all worse than those resistant to disease. All localities should choose high-quality varieties suitable for local planting and have strong resistance to disease, and speed up the overall disease resistance of the main varieties of wheat. Huainan Maiqu should plant varieties such as Yangmai, Ningmai, Zhenmai series and other resistant and resistant varieties as much as possible, planting varieties with good disease resistance along Huaihe and Huaibei, compressing and controlling high-sensitivity varieties, and eliminating cross-regional And blindly introduce the northern susceptible varieties; strengthen the consistency of variety cultivation in the region, each county can clarify 2 to 3 main push varieties and several matching varieties, solve the phenomenon of "more messy" and irregular growth period, improve The uniformity of wheat growth period can not only reduce the risk of disease epidemics, but also facilitate field management and prevention and guidance.

The third is to actively promote fitness and cultivation. Improve the comprehensive utilization level of straw, carry out deep burial or harmless treatment of returning straw, and reduce the number of bacterial sources. Guide the masses, especially large-scale growers, family farms and other large-scale growers to plant at appropriate seasons, moderate use of seeds, especially in rice and buckwheat areas to achieve timely rice harvest, wheat sowing; promote precision, semi-precision sowing, control The number of groups will prevent greed and increase; balance fertilization, cultivate strong seedlings, build a reasonable group, enhance disease resistance, and create a field microclimate that is not conducive to disease epidemics. The qualified areas will guide leading enterprises and production bases, and implement standardized production and order-type production, with high quality and good prices, and improve planting efficiency.

The fourth is to further optimize the chemical control strategy. Strengthen the prediction and prediction of scab, improve the accuracy of measurement and the targetedness of prevention and treatment. In the prevention and control strategy, we adhere to the strategy of “based on prevention and active attack” and take measures to prevent and control “appropriate prevention and control, seeing flowers and spraying drugs”. In the selection of pharmaceuticals, comprehensively consider high-efficiency drugs with excellent control effects on scab and toxins, further improve the control agents for scab and increase the promotion of high-efficiency drugs such as cymene and tebuconazole. The use of resistant carbendazim and polyketones can achieve timely control and alternate use of drugs, and improve the effect of drug control. In the prevention and treatment method, vigorously promote self-propelled high-efficiency boom sprayer, electrostatic sprayer and other application equipment, and use the amount of foot and water to ensure the control effect.

3 Strengthen publicity and guidance to ensure effective implementation of various measures

At present, the autumn broadcasting work will be launched in a large area. All localities should focus on the implementation of various prevention and control measures for scab, strengthen propaganda and guidance, implement prevention and control responsibilities, strengthen service guidance, and ensure that prevention and control work is carried out in an orderly and effective manner.

First, we must strengthen publicity and guidance. The green prevention and control of scab involves various aspects such as operation, cultivation management and chemical control of wheat varieties. All localities should make full use of the platforms such as “broadcast, television, mobile phone, network and clear paper” to promote the traditional practices and guide farmers to take the initiative. A variety of disease-resistant varieties, appropriate amount of sowing, to minimize the risk of disease in the coming year. In the critical period of prevention and control of wheat mildew in 2018, it is necessary to widely use various forms, publicize and prevent the prevention and control technology in all directions and in multiple periods, and improve the initiative and scientificity of prevention and control. It is necessary to base on the existing agricultural production and pest control policies, do a good job in propaganda and guidance, make overall use of various project funds in the coming year, and effectively increase investment in the prevention and control of scab.

Second, we must implement the responsibility for prevention and control. All localities should take the prevention and control of scab as an important measure to ensure the stable production of summer grain in the coming year, and implement the responsibility of prevention and control of the territories; it is necessary to focus on the key links and key measures of the whole process of scab, and decompose the tasks at different levels to implement the responsibility of prevention and control. To clarify the specific responsible person and ensure that all prevention and control measures are effective. It is necessary to conduct a layer-by-layer evaluation of the prevention and control measures and control effects of scab, and put forward performance evaluation opinions as one of the basis for annual work evaluation, so as to attract the attention of grassroots government departments.

Third, we must strengthen service guidance. Starting from the autumn broadcast, it is necessary to extensively carry out training or special lectures on the prevention and control of scab disease by agricultural technicians, specialized service organizations, new agricultural management entities and farmers, and guide farmers to scientifically adjust the planting structure and actively apply the green disease. Prevention and control technology. In the critical period of prevention and control of scab, it is necessary to organize the vast number of technical personnel to go deep into the field and carry out technical guidance services. We must vigorously promote the rule of unified defense and the prevention and control of masses and groups, and do everything possible to improve the coverage and control effects of the unified defense.

More pesticide knowledge , please pay attention to China Pesticide Network

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