Metal Processing Online Lecture: Management of Cutting Fluid

When purchasing cutting fluid, it is essential to follow a well-structured plan. The general stock should not exceed three months to ensure freshness and effectiveness. Always use the cutting fluid in the order of purchase. While oil-based cutting fluids can be stored for several years, water-based cutting fluids have a shorter shelf life, typically ranging from 6 to 12 months. Proper storage is crucial—cutting fluids should be kept indoors at temperatures between 5°C and 40°C. If stored outdoors, they must be protected from direct sunlight and extreme heat. In summer, high outdoor temperatures can negatively affect the quality of cutting fluids, especially water-based ones, leading to degradation over time. Additionally, it's important to prevent rainwater from mixing with the cutting fluid. If rainwater enters oil-based cutting fluids, it can reduce lubricity and rust resistance. For water-based fluids, rainwater may cause additives to separate or form a gel-like consistency. Oil-based cutting fluids usually have a pour point of no more than -5°C, while water-based fluids are generally safe down to -5°C. In southern regions, freezing is rarely an issue, but in colder northern areas, antifreeze measures are necessary. If the emulsified cutting fluid concentrate freezes, thawing it may result in separation, making most of it unusable. If freezing occurs, thoroughly stir the fluid after thawing, roll the container on the ground to mix it evenly, and then test a sample before reuse. The containers used for storing cutting fluids must be clean and properly sealed. Avoid using iron drums with galvanized inner surfaces, as the zinc coating may react with the fluid components, forming zinc soap. When storing outdoors, keep the container upright with the opening facing up, and ensure it is tightly sealed. If placed horizontally, make sure the opening remains above the fluid level to prevent water ingress. Oil-based cutting fluids are flammable and subject to fire safety regulations. According to GB50156-92 "Design Code for Small Oil Depots and Auto Gas Stations," flammable liquids are classified into Classes A, B, and C based on their closed cup flash points. Class C includes liquids with a flash point above 60°C. Most cutting oils and emulsified oils have flash points significantly higher than 60°C, placing them in Class C. Although these materials are considered less hazardous, strict management is still required. Emulsified cutting fluids containing mineral oil should be treated similarly to oil-based fluids in terms of storage and handling.

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