EU pesticide residue standard

The EU pesticide review system, which came into formal effect on September 1, 2008, marked a significant shift in the regulation of pesticide residues across the European Union. The new system introduced a unified set of standards for agricultural products and foodstuffs, applicable to all 27 member states. Previously, each country had its own maximum residue limits (MRLs), resulting in a fragmented and inconsistent regulatory framework. With the introduction of free trade within the EU, it became essential to harmonize these standards to ensure consumer safety and prevent disparities in food quality across borders. The updated system was established through amendments to the European Parliament and Council Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, which was later amended by Regulation (EC) No 299/2008. This revision aimed to simplify the existing framework while ensuring greater clarity and consistency in setting MRLs. The regulation outlines principles for determining acceptable levels of pesticide residues in plant and animal-based foods, as well as feed sources and internal surfaces. To support this system, seven appendices were added to the regulation, each serving a specific purpose: - **Appendix I** provides a comprehensive list of food and feed categories where MRLs apply, based on Commission Regulation (EC) No 178/2006. It covers over 315 different products, including fruits, vegetables, spices, cereals, and animal-derived items. - **Appendix II** lists the maximum residue limits for 245 specific pesticides, offering detailed guidance for compliance. - **Appendix III** includes tentative MRLs for 471 pesticides that were still in the process of harmonization before September 1, 2008. - **Appendix IV** identifies 52 pesticides that do not require an MRL due to their low risk profile. - **Appendix V**, though not yet released, is intended to provide default residue limits for substances not included in the 0.01 mg/kg list. - **Appendix VI**, also not yet published, will contain conversion factors for processed foods and feeds. - **Appendix VII** lists fumigants used by EU member states to treat products before they reach the market. This appendix was established under Commission Regulation (EC) No 260/2008. For pesticides not covered in the appendices, the EU sets a default limit of 0.01 mg/kg, as outlined in Article 18(1b) of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. To improve transparency and ease of access, the EU has created an online database where users can search for MRLs applicable to specific crops and pesticides. This tool is available on the official EU website and serves as a valuable resource for farmers, food producers, and regulators alike.

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