Occupational Hazard Factors and Preventive Measures in Rolling Mills

Rolling is a metalworking process that involves passing steel billets through a rolling mill to shape them into various forms of steel. This process can be categorized into hot rolling and cold rolling, with both following a similar production sequence.

Occupational Hazards

The primary risks in the rolling industry include exposure to high temperatures and radiation. The heating furnaces and the heated steel itself are significant heat sources, as are the metal floor plates and machinery in the area. As a result, the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors in the rolling mill can be extreme, especially during summer. In areas where large amounts of heat are generated, carbon monoxide may also be present. Additionally, the rolling process generates strong noise levels. If radioactive inspection equipment is used for quality control, workers may be exposed to radiation hazards.

Preventive Measures

The most effective way to reduce occupational hazards in steel rolling is to automate the production process. Automation not only improves efficiency but also minimizes direct human exposure to dangerous conditions.

In hot rolling environments, it's essential to implement measures to prevent heat stress. Enhancing natural ventilation within the workshop is a key step in reducing high temperatures and heat radiation. Installing heat shields and local air supply systems near workers' stations can help lower the impact of heat from red-hot steel. Cooling fans can be mounted on cranes and rolling mills, and air conditioning systems can be used to maintain a more comfortable working environment.

For smaller steel mills that cannot fully automate, increasing mechanization and reducing manual tasks is crucial. Using positive, negative, and vertical barriers can improve working conditions. Workers should be limited in their exposure to heat and radiation, and cool rest areas should be provided close to the workstations.

To address noise issues, workers should use earplugs or earmuffs to protect their hearing. When handling radioactive materials for inspections, strict safety protocols must be followed to ensure the protection of the operators.

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