Where should Hebei Steel's production capacity go under the smog?

On March 5, the second meeting of the 12th National People's Congress was opened in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. On behalf of the State Council, Premier Li Keqiang made a government work report to the General Assembly. The report pointed out that for industries with severe overcapacity, strengthen environmental protection, energy consumption, technology and other standards, clean up various preferential policies, digest a batch of stocks, and strictly control new increments. This year, we will eliminate 27 million tons of steel, 42 million tons of cement, 35 million standard containers of flat glass, and other backward production capacity to ensure that the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" elimination task will be completed one year ahead of schedule, and will truly be suppressed and will never rebound. Since 2013, there have been varying degrees of smog in most parts of China, especially in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. People’s expectations for industrial pollution and environmental protection are rising, how should the industry bear the brunt, under the smog Where will Hebei's production capacity go?

First, the "sin" caused by smog

Since 2013, smog has occurred in most parts of central and eastern China. The area affected by smog is about 1.43 million square kilometers, accounting for about 15% of the country's land area, and the area of ​​smog is about 810,000 square kilometers. Mainly concentrated in Beijing, Hebei, Liaoning, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan and other places. In order to cope with smog pollution, the Ministry of Environmental Protection launched an emergency plan for heavy pollution weather, and dispatched 12 inspection teams to Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and surrounding areas to conduct special inspections on heavy pollution weather response work. In response to the smog attack, some cities such as Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei launched emergency plans, including: construction site to stop earth and stone construction and demolition construction, stop the transportation of dusty vehicles such as mucks and gravel vehicles; The list of industrial enterprises' stop and limit production sub-plans shall be determined, and the relevant enterprises shall implement measures to stop production or limit production of pollutants and reduce pollutants;

In the face of smog, such a "heart and lungs", new initiatives are constantly being introduced everywhere, which may be an opportunity to solve the problem. However, it must be clear that the source of PM2.5 is complex, and its source of pollution involves almost all aspects of industrial production, transportation, residential life, and urban management. To make PM2.5 governance truly productive, control from the source is even more critical.

Some experts believe that cement and chemical companies concentrated in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region have contributed a large amount of PM2.5 to the smog. The problems faced by the industry cannot be solved quickly, and the overcapacity and economic restructuring have made the industry extremely complicated. China is currently the world's largest producer, and Hebei's output has ranked first in the country for 13 consecutive years. In 2013, Hebei's crude steel output was 188 million tons, close to a quarter of China's crude steel production. Undoubtedly, the industrial structure of Hebei Province is unreasonable, especially the proportion of high-energy consumption industry is too large, which is the deep-seated reason for the high economic energy consumption.

Second, the "turn" of smog elimination

Under the pressure of environmental protection, the industry will face even greater challenges. Today, the Chinese industry is gradually transforming from a traditional polluter to a green industry. While vigorously eliminating backward production capacity, Hebei Province is also actively adjusting the industrial regional layout. Through relocation and restructuring, the equipment, technology, technology and management level of the entire enterprise have indeed improved, and regional layout adjustment and upgrading have been realized.

Following the demolition of the first batch of 9.4 million tons of cement surplus capacity on December 17, 2013, the polluted “hardest hit” Shijiazhuang City has once again launched a large-scale centralized demolition operation. At present, Shijiazhuang City is studying and formulating policies and measures to encourage demolition enterprises to “second-time start-up”, actively helping demolition enterprises to revitalize land resources, relying on local good ecological environment and rich cultural tourism resources to vigorously develop high-tech industries, ecological agriculture and leisure. Tourism and cultural industries, taking the road of green development.

Third, the "minus" of smog elimination

In the face of the central high pressure and civil grievances, Hebei Province decided in 2014 to reduce the crude steel production capacity by 15 million tons, cement production capacity of 11 million tons, and flat glass production capacity of 18 million weight boxes to promote the transformation and upgrading of Hebei's industrial economy. According to the calculation of the Hebei Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, the comprehensive energy consumption of enterprises accounts for nearly 50% of the consumption of industrial enterprises above designated size in the province. It is a veritable coal-consuming and large-scale emitter, followed by cement, flat glass and other industries. According to the goal of Hebei Province, by 2017, the capacity reduction of 60 million tons, 61 million tons of cement, 40 million tons of standard coal, and 36 million weight boxes of glass will be completed. The concentration of fine particulate matter in Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Baoding and Langfang, which is surrounded by Beijing and the air pollution, is 33% lower than that of 2012, Xingtai and Gansu are down by 30%, Qinhuangdao, Zhangzhou and Hengshui are down by more than 25%, and Chengde and Zhangjiakou are down by more than 20%. . By 2017, the concentration of fine particulate matter in Hebei Province has dropped by more than 25% compared with 2012.

It is especially important to resolve excess capacity under market economy conditions and give full play to the role of market mechanisms. Resolve excess capacity, combine strict control with dredging and comprehensive use, and resolve excess capacity through market-based means such as factor price reform. Under fair competition conditions, enterprises in the overcapacity industry can make choices according to their own circumstances. Enterprises with good environmental protection, technology and brand will naturally survive the competition and eventually eliminate environmental protection measures that are not up to standard and capacity technology. A backward enterprise.

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